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Allergy Articles & Updates

Contact dermatitis

11/27/2021

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Contact Dermatitis
Causes of Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Parents have asked me if a diagnosis of a food allergy can be made by placing the food on the skin.⁣

The answer is, not always.⁣
Why is that?⁣

Not all concentrations of the allergen can lead to a reaction.⁣
  • Some reactions might be due to a 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘤𝘵 𝘋𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘴.⁣

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐭 𝐃𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐬 happens when a substance gets in contact with the skin, causing a localised reaction.⁣

It can be either 𝘪𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘵 (80% of reactions) or 𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘪𝘤 (20% of reactions), leading to different reactions.⁣

It affects people that deal with the substances frequently, though it can happen to anyone.⁣
  • Most commonly, it affects people working in the 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘮𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭, 𝘱𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘮𝘢𝘤𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 or 𝘣𝘦𝘢𝘶𝘵𝘺 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘺.
  • 𝘔𝘦𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘤𝘴 and 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬𝘦𝘳𝘴 can also be affected.⁣

Treatment starts with avoidance of contact with the substance causing the reaction.⁣
Following this, the creams used are very similar to the ones used in eczema.⁣
It is not frequent the need for oral or intravenous medication.⁣

How to make a diagnosis?⁣
  • It is fairly easy, as there is a good association between the contact and the onset of the reaction.⁣
  • In some cases, when there is a mix of chemicals, patch testing can be used (I will speak about this in another post).⁣

There is also a difference in signs.⁣
  • 𝐈𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭:⁣
  1. Blisters⁣
  2. Dry skin leads to cracking⁣
  3. Cracking leads to sores and crusts⁣ Swelling⁣
















  • 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐜:⁣
  1. Hives⁣
  2. Itching⁣
  3. Red skin⁣
  4. Dry and flaking skin⁣
  5. Swelling, especially if affecting mucosas⁣

Nickel can give irritant and allergic contact dermatitis.


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Causes of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
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mental health and microbiome

11/27/2021

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Mental Health and Microbiome
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Recent research showed an association between the decrease or absence of anti-inflammatory bacteria and the increase in some 𝐩𝐬𝐲𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬.⁣⁣

This was associated with the increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria.⁣⁣

And what are the bacterias involved?⁣⁣
  • The anti-inflammatory bacteria (good):⁣⁣
  1. 𝘍𝘢𝘦𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘶𝘮⁣⁣
  2. 𝘊𝘰𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘰𝘤𝘤𝘶𝘴⁣⁣
 
  • The pro-inflammatory bacteria (bad):⁣⁣
  1. 𝘌𝘨𝘨𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘢⁣⁣

They believe this relates to the low production of 𝐁𝐮𝐭𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 from the absent bacteria, as this leads to an anti-inflammatory effect, mainly in the bowel.⁣⁣
  • The name 𝐁𝐮𝐭𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 comes from the 𝘓𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘯 𝐁𝐮𝐭𝐲𝐫𝐮𝐦, which means butter.⁣⁣
















But please don’t go and start eating it by the bucket load, as this is not the best way to increase 𝐁𝐮𝐭𝐲𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 in your system!⁣⁣

Take this research with caution, as the study did not take into account individual variables.⁣⁣

And despite the finding of this exciting relation, some studies directly aimed at this association have not yet proven the link.⁣⁣

What is important is that there starts to exist some evidence that might lead to a better understanding of the connection between gut health and mental health.⁣⁣

This study was done at 𝐊𝐢𝐧𝐠’𝐬 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐞 𝐋𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧, in association with the 𝐌𝐚𝐮𝐝𝐬𝐥𝐞𝐲 𝐇𝐨𝐬𝐩𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐥.


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    Dr Costa is a Consultant Paediatrician and fellow of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.

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